Summary: The objectives of this project were: 1. Develop and evaluate novel production systems including specific training/pruning strategies, cultivars and rootstocks that improve labor efficiency and yield excellent quality fruit 2. Develop and refine training strategies that facilitate mechanical harvest and/or platform assist of sweet cherries for the fresh market. 3. Continue to evaluate the effect of Ethephon on fruit quality, maturity, and retention force of different cultivars 4. Model tree vegetative and fruit growth in relation to genetic and environmental factors 5. Identify grower cooperators to participate in Competitive Orchard Systems 2015 and initiate high density research plantings with growers.